In a 26-week rat oral toxicity study, AOD-9604 produced dose-dependent changes in serum osteocalcin (a bone-turnover marker) at week 13, with the direction reversing by week 26
Nevertheless, use of metformin may decrease vitamin B 12 status: a meta-analysis of four short-term intervention trials (up to 4 months duration) in patients with type 2 diabetes found that metformin use decreased serum cobalamin concentrations by 57 pmol/L, which could have clinical implications if such patients have suboptimal vitamin B 12 status (146)
Smith, D., M
When people take corticosteroids, their adrenal glands slow down or stop making cortisol, a hormone naturally made by the bodys adrenal glands
Verhaeverbeke, 1997) One trial of predominantly vegetarian families from India (Deshmukh, 2010) One trial of half vegetarians and half vegans whose responses were mixed together (Del Bo, 2019) One trial of B12 supplementation in vegans who werent previously supplementing (Crane, 1998) The dotted lines represent the trial of only vegans (500 g per day by Crane et al.) and the trial of half vegetarians and half vegans (50 g and 2,000/wk by Del Bo, 2019)