Acknowledgments We thank the Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center (JAPIC: for curating the FAERS data
Avoid mixing it with strong exfoliants or other active remedies unless prescribed
WADA Prohibited List (2025), Section S2: Peptide Hormones, Growth Factors, Related Substances and Mimetics (GHRH and analogues
these changes are thought to be related to changes in cravings, hunger and fullness (Mozafarriun et al 2025)
Consequently, scientific research has increasingly emphasized the crucial role of a balanced diet in maintaining human health ( However, reported benefits are not uniform across all trials or populations, and effect sizes are often modest, highly strain-specific, and influenced by background diet and host factors, which complicates broad generalization of these findings ( The gut microbiota, the intricate assembly of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, assumes a critical role in essential physiological functions, including intestinal development, energy regulation, nutrient absorption, and immune modulation ( This review is expected to clarify the mechanisms underlying the beneficial and nutritional functions of probiotics and to guide the development of sophisticated, next-generation probiotic (NGPs) formulations
