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Jefferies, Power, Graham, & Manor, 2004

Loss of Income and Productivity: The Indirect Costs Another financial consequence of tobacco addiction is its impact on productivity and income

Students who used either cannabis or tobacco, but not both, also had slightly lower grades than nonusers: students who only used tobacco had an average grade of 5.61 (mostly Bs), and students who only used cannabis had an average grade of 5.54 (mostly Bs)

Still, pleiotropy could be in place, as regression dilution values suggested that the MR-Egger results might not be trustworthy

Impact on Packaging Efficiency and Cost Material Usage and Waste Cigarette packaging dimensions directly influence material usage and waste generation